Figure 3.

RNAs are regulatory factors for LLPS in the nucleus. A, RNA serves in the “seeding” of membraneless organelles in the nucleus. Many non–coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are localized on chromatin and recruit RNA binding proteins that drive LLPS. B, Non–specific RNAs buffer LLPS of proteins. A specific ncRNA, such as NEAT1, facilitates LLPS of the fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein, while the LLPS of FUS is repressed by an increasing concentration of non–specific RNAs. C, Single‐stranded RNAs containing repetitive sequences tend to self‐assemble through their multivalent base‐pairings