TABLE 1.

Summary of the main characteristics of the five investigated diagnostic criteria

	Diagnostic criteria	Current symptoms	Past symptoms	Assessment criteria	Assessment method	Cases (morphometry/white matter)
Current depression	cMDD‐STR	✓	‐	DSM	Clinical interview	30/40
	cMDD‐UKB	✓	✓	Manually defined	Self‐report	735/1,435
Past depression	rMDD‐STR	✕	✓	DSM	Clinical interview	148/202
	pMDD‐UKB CIDI	‐	✓	DSM	Self‐report	1,665/3,418
	pMDD‐UKB ICD	‐	✓	ICD	Clinical interview	140/289

Note: Tick symbol denotes symptoms were present, dash denotes symptoms could be either present or absent, cross symbol denotes symptoms were absent.

Abbreviations: cMDD‐STR, current MDD criteria in STRADL cohort; cMDD‐UKB, probable current MDD criteria in UK Biobank cohort; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ICD, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; pMDD‐UKB‐CIDI, lifetime MDD criteria based on the online Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in UK Biobank cohort; pMDD‐UKB‐ICD, lifetime MDD criteria based on ICD and hospital records in UK Biobank cohort; rMDD‐STR, remitted MDD criteria in STRADL cohort.