Fig. 9.
PVDF films-based UWEH. a) PVDF nanofiber film-based UWEH device for an artery micro-robot. Reproduced with permission [95]. Copyright 2011, Elsevier. b) Patterned PVDF film-based UWEH scheme for an implantable active stent. Reproduced with permission [98]. Copyright 2018, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.