Figure 1.

Observation time. To qualify as an index visit there should be no antibiotic prescriptions within the preceding 30 days. To qualify as an index antibiotic prescription, its date shall be within five days from the index visit (if a urine culture is to be analysed prior to antibiotic prescribing it might take up to five days from the index visit to the index antibiotic prescription) Therapy failure may be detected within day 1–7 from the index antibiotic prescription. Recurrence may be detected within day 8–30 from the index antibiotic prescription. A complication may be detected within 30 days from the index antibiotic prescription.