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. 2020 Sep 3;21:230. doi: 10.1186/s13059-020-02146-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Effect of the novel alleles on translation of the downstream primary open reading frame. a The novel alleles generated in the T0 generation. Nucleotide substitutions and small deletions are indicated in red. The amino acid residues of SC-uORF corresponding to the codons in the DNA sequence are indicated by yellow filled boxes. Changed amino acids are indicated by red filled boxes. b Schematic of the dual-luciferase reporter vector. 35s pro, cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. REN, Renilla reniformis luciferase. LUC, luciferase. c Effect of the novel alleles on translation of the pORF in the dual-luciferase reporter system. d Effect of the novel alleles on transcription of the pORF in the dual-luciferase reporter system. In c and d, mean values (±SD) are compared to those for wild-type plants using Student’s t tests, **P < 0.01. AL#, allele #