Table 1.
Characteristics of participants (n = 469), according to the recruitment site
| Characteristic | Community health center n = 138 | Public hospital n = 106 | Private hospital n = 104 | Private practice n = 121 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 80 (58.0) | 45 (42.5) | 43 (41.4) | 63 (52.1) | 0.721 |
| Female | 58 (42.0) | 61 (57.5) | 61 (58.6) | 58 (47.9) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 38.6 ± 14.2 | 35.9 ± 14.6 | 39.9 ± 15.9 | 37.4 ± 15.4 | |
| Age-group (years), n (%) | |||||
| 18–29 | 42 (30.4) | 48 (45.3) | 40 (38.5) | 52 (43.0) | 0.012 |
| 30–39 | 45 (32.6) | 22 (20.8) | 13 (12.5) | 21 (17.4) | |
| 40–49 | 22 (15.9) | 14 (13.2) | 19 (18.3) | 21 (17.4) | |
| 50+ | 29 (20.1) | 22 (20.7) | 32 (30.8) | 27 (22.3) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||
| Single | 40 (29.0) | 41 (38.7) | 32 (30.8) | 42 (34.7) | 0.356 |
| Married | 87 (63.0) | 57 (53.8) | 66 (63.5) | 63 (52.1) | |
| Widowed/divorced | 11 (8.0) | 8 (7.5) | 6 (5.7) | 16 (13.2) | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 31 (22.5) | 24 (22.6) | 47 (45.2) | 38 (31.4) | < 0.001 |
| No | 107 (77.5) | 82 (77.4) | 57 (54.8) | 83 (68.6) | |
| Education, n (%) | |||||
| No formal schooling/primary completed | 32 (23.2) | 20 (18.9) | 23 (22.1) | 29 (24.0) | 0.289 |
| Secondary completed | 27 (19.6) | 12 (11.3) | 22 (21.2) | 17 (14.1) | |
| High school completed | 66 (47.8) | 61 (57.5) | 50 (48.1) | 55 (45.5) | |
| College/university/postgraduate | 13 (9.4) | 13 (12.3) | 9 (8.6) | 20 (16.5) | |
| Employment status, n (%) | |||||
| Full- or part-time work | 87 (63.0) | 64 (60.4) | 58 (55.8) | 75 (62.0) | 0.121 |
| Student (school/university) | 5 (3.6) | 12 (11.3) | 2 (1.9) | 9 (7.4) | |
| Housewife/husband/retired | 32 (23.2) | 17 (16.0) | 29 (27.9) | 20 (16.5) | |
| Unemployed/looking for work | 14 (10.1) | 13 (12.3) | 15 (14.4) | 17 (14.1) | |
| Insurance, n (%) | |||||
| No insurance | 64 (46.4) | 22 (20.8) | 10 (9.6) | 47 (38.8) | < 0.001 |
| National health insurance/private | 74 (53.6) | 84 (79.2) | 94 (90.4) | 74 (61.2) | |
| Number of people in the household, n (%) | |||||
| ≤ 4 | 82 (59.4) | 69 (65.1) | 58 (55.8) | 70 (58.8) | 0.549 |
| > 4 | 56 (40.6) | 37 (34.9) | 46 (44.2) | 51 (42.2) | |
| Income-earning job, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 87 (63.0) | 64 (60.4) | 58 (55.8) | 75 (62.0) | 0.692 |
| No | 51 (37.0) | 42 (39.6) | 46 (44.2) | 46 (38.0) | |
| Household primary income earner, n (%) | |||||
| Patient | 68 (49.3) | 43 (40.6) | 39 (37.5) | 56 (46.3) | 0.250 |
| Not patient | 70 (50.7) | 63 (59.4) | 65 (62.5) | 65 (53.7) | |
| Household income, n (%) | |||||
| Poor | 60 (43.5) | 30 (28.3) | 35 (33.7) | 32 (26.5) | 0.019 |
| Not poor | 54 (39.1) | 51 (48.1) | 38 (36.5) | 63 (52.1) | |
| Household income not available | 24 (17.4) | 25 (23.6) | 31 (29.8) | 26 (21.5) | |
| Number of visits to the healthcare provider before diagnosis, n (%) | |||||
| < 6 | 46 (33.3) | 50 (47.2) | 68 (65.4) | 56 (46.3) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 6 | 92 (66.7) | 56 (52.8) | 36 (34.6) | 65 (53.7) | |
| Days from the first symptoms to diagnosis,* n (%) | |||||
| < 60 | 53 (39.0) | 45 (43.3) | 62 (63.3) | 57 (48.3) | 0.002 |
| ≥ 60 | 83 (61.0) | 59 (56.7) | 36 (36.7) | 61 (51.7) | |
*
Thirteen people did not present with symptoms and were, therefore, excluded from this variable.