Table 4.

Cause-specific mortality by intention-to-treat for the four main inferred causes of death in the study area using InterVA

	Deaths/person-years	Rate per 1,000 person-years (95% CI)	Rate ratio* (95% CI)	P-value
Pneumonia
Placebo	94/66,935	1.40 (1.15–1.72)	1
Azithromycin	77/66,837	1.15 (0.92–1.44)	0.82 (0.60–1.12)	0.22
Malaria
Placebo	256/66,935	3.82 (3.38–4.32)	1
Azithromycin	245/66,837	3.67 (3.23–4.15)	0.95 (0.78–1.16)	0.64
HIV/AIDS
Placebo	103/66,935	1.54 (1.27–1.87)	1
Azithromycin	71/66,837	1.06 (0.84–1.34)	0.70 (0.50–0.97)	0.03
Diarrhea
Placebo	48/66,935	0.72 (0.54–0.95)	1
Azithromycin	45/66,837	0.67 (0.50–0.90)	0.95 (0.61–1.49)	0.84

^*From random-effects Poisson model adjusting for clustering at the level of the randomization unit.