Fig. 3.

Ramelteon protected against photothrombosis (PT)-induced chronic ischemic brain injury. a Schematic of the experimental protocol. b Mice were treated with ramelteon at 3.0 mg/kg daily for 7 days after photothrombosis. 4-P-PDOT was injected 0.5 h before ramelteon treatment. Fifteen days after PT onset, brain sections were stained with toluidine blue. Representative images are shown, and the dashed lines outline the brain lesion in the cortex. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM, n = 7 for each group. Scale bar: 2 mm. c The infarct volumes were quantified and expressed as mm³. Statistical comparisons were performed with a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. d Motor functions were accessed by foot fault test and e cylinder task. Behavioral tests were performed every two days after stroke. n = 8-10 for each group. Statistical comparisons were performed with a two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs the indicated group