Fig. 7.

Amelioration of thymus and spleen atrophy under atractylenolide I treatment. a Representative photo of H&E-stained sections of spleen and thymus tissues. In the spleen, the red arrow indicates the red pulp, and the black arrow indicates the white pulp. In the thymus, the red arrow indicates the cortex, and the black arrow indicates the medulla. Bar = 200 μm. b Representative photo of immunohistochemical analysis of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells in the spleen. Bar = 20 μm. c Quantitative analysis of the results from the positive signal in B. d Representative photo of immunohistochemistry images of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells in the thymus. Bar = 20 μm. e Quantitative analysis of the results of the positive signal in d. The data presented are the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus healthy control group; ^#P < 0.05 versus spleen-deficiency with cachexia group