Table 1.
Clinicopathological characteristics of patients evaluated and results of univariate Cox regression regarding the different variables
| Clinicopathological data | n | % | OS | DFS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | HR | 95%CI | p | HR | 95%CI | |||
| Gender | 0.22 | 0.76 | 0.48–1.17 | 0.41 | 0.85 | 0.58–1.24 | ||
| Female | 154 | 52.7 | ||||||
| Male | 138 | 47.3 | ||||||
| Localization | 0.68 | 1.09 | 0.69–1.72 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.87–1.86 | ||
| Left | 181 | 62 | ||||||
| Right | 111 | 38 | ||||||
| Type of surgery | < 0.001 | 3.53 | 1.97–6.36 | < 0.001 | 2.98 | 1.74–5.11 | ||
| Lobar resection | 266 | 91.1 | ||||||
| Sublobar resection | 26 | 8.9 | ||||||
| Smoking habits | 0.006 | 2.84 | 1.35–5.96 | 0.001 | 2.97 | 1.56–5.60 | ||
| Heavy smoker | 132 | 45.2 | ||||||
| Never | 38 | 13 | ||||||
| No data | 122 | 41.8 | ||||||
| Subtype | < 0.001 | 1.59 | 1.32–1.92 | < 0.001 | 1.35 | 1.16–1.58 | ||
| Solid | 108 | 37 | ||||||
| Micropapillary | 23 | 7.9 | ||||||
| Acinar | 53 | 18.1 | ||||||
| Papillary | 44 | 15 | ||||||
| Lepidic | 64 | 22 | ||||||
| Necrosis | 0.17 | 1.35 | 0.87–2.10 | 1.24 | 1.34 | 0.92–1.95 | ||
| presence | 133 | 45.5 | ||||||
| absence | 159 | 54.5 | ||||||
| Lymphatic invasion | 0.05 | 1.61 | 1.00-2.60 | 0.27 | 1.27 | 0.82–1.95 | ||
| presence | 68 | 23.3 | ||||||
| absence | 224 | 76.7 | ||||||
| STAS | 0.04 | 1.53 | 1.10–2.43 | 0.04 | 1.47 | 1.01–2.13 | ||
| presence | 123 | 42.1 | ||||||
| absence | 169 | 57.9 | ||||||
| pT | < 0.001 | 1.55 | 1.24–1.85 | < 0.001 | 1.25 | 1.11–1.45 | ||
| T1a | 18 | 6.1 | ||||||
| T1b | 77 | 26.3 | ||||||
| T1c | 75 | 25.7 | ||||||
| T2a | 122 | 41.9 | ||||||
| Stage | < 0.001 | 1.5 | 1.20–1.81 | < 0.001 | 1.18 | 1.02–1.43 | ||
| IA1-3 | 182 | 62.3 | ||||||
| IB | 110 | 37.7 | ||||||
OS: overall survival, DFS: disease-free survival, HR: hazard ratio, 95%CI: 95% confidence interval, STAS: spread through air spaces