Table 3.
Patient characteristics associated with a transition in frailty state
| Non-frail to frail | No change | Frail to non-frail | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 34 | N = 125 | N = 17 | ||
| Age (years) | 55.3 ± 12.7 | 50.9 ± 14.3 | 51.7 ± 15.6 | 0.227 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 22 (64.7%) | 80 (64.0%) | 9 (52.9%) | 0.659 |
| Female | 12 (35.3%) | 45 (36.0%) | 8 (47.1%) | |
| Type of kidney donor | ||||
| Deceased | 7 (20.6%) | 22 (17.6%) | 1 (5.9%) | 0.401 |
| Living | 27 (79.4%) | 103 (82.4%) | 16 (94.1%) | |
| Type of dialysis | ||||
| Pre-emptive | 15 (44.1%) | 48 (38.4%) | 9 (52.9%) | 0.629 |
| Hemodialysis | 15 (44.1%) | 53 (42.4%) | 5 (29.4%) | |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 3 (8.8%) | 23 (18.4%) | 3 (17.6%) | |
| Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Duration of dialysis (months) | 21.4 ± 25.9 | 15.7 ± 20.1 | 14.81 ± 23.3 | 0.366 |
| BMIb (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.2 | 26.0 ± 4.5 | 25.9 ± 4.7 | 0.978 |
| Hypertension | 19 (55.9%) | 68 (54.4%) | 12 (70.6%) | 0.450 |
| Comorbiditiesc | 3.9 ± 1.7 | 3.5 ± 1.6 | 4.1 ± 1.8 | 0.282 |
| Retransplantation | 3 (8.8%) | 19 (15.3%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.579 |
| Paired exchange | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (10.4%) | 1 (5.9%) | 0.035 |
| Length of stay | 10.2 ± 4.1 | 10.1 ± 6.2 | 9.7 ± 5.6 | 0.180 |
| First warm ischemia time (minutes) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (3–4) | 0.710 |
| Cold ischemia time (minutes) | 162.5 (153.0–302.0) | 162.0 (148.5–202.0) | 160.0 (151.5–188.0) | 0.964 |
| Second warm ischemia time (minutes) | 39.2 ± 10.7 | 38.7 ± 11.0 | 40.8 ± 12.9 | 0.771 |
| Delayed graft function | 5 (14.7%) | 14 (11.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.270 |
| Acute rejection | 1 (2.9%) | 11 (8.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.127 |
| Intensive care unit admission | 2 (5.9%) | 6 (4.8%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.121 |
| Readmission within 30 days of KTd | 3 (8.8%) | 14 (11.2%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.642 |
| Time between KT and follow-up (months) | 22.7 ± 8.7 | 23.0 ± 8.1 | 22.4 ± 7.9 | 0.950 |
| Readmission between KT and follow-up | 16 (47.1%) | 57 (45.6%) | 9 (52.9%) | 0.849 |
| Surgery between KT and follow-up | 8 (23.5%) | 32 (25.6%) | 4 (23.5%) | 0.959 |
aP values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant
bBody mass index
cAccording to the Charlson Comorbidity Index, a weighted index which predicts the 1-year mortality by measuring the burden of comorbidities (range from 0 to 19)
dKidney transplantation