Fig. 5.

a Immunohistochemical staining of α-SMA and Collagen Ш. scale bar, 50 µm. b Western blots showing fibrotic protein expression in kidneys from all groups. c Western blots showing protein expression in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in kidneys from all groups. d Western blots showing protein expression in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in kidneys from all groups. Quantitative measurements of protein expression in kidneys from each group as indicated. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, or ***P < 0.001