Table 1.

Main details of case reports reporting the use of anakinra in treatment-resistant Kawasaki disease

Reference	Number of patients treated with anakinra	Previous treatment	Type of KD	Reason for using anakinra	Doses and duration of anakinra treatment
[20]	1	2 IVIG, 3 steroid boluses	Complete	KD shock syndrome	1 mg/kg/day for 11 days and then for 6 weeks
[21]	1	1 IVIG, 1 steroid bolus	Complete	Macrophage activation syndrome	3 mg/kg/day for 3 days then 8 mg/kg/day in 2 doses for 5 months
[22]	1	2 IVIG, 4 steroid boluses	Complete	Persistent fever and laboratory abnormalities	2 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks
[23]	1	2 IVIG, 3 steroid boluses	Complete	Worsening of coronary aneurysms	6 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks, Tapered to 6 mg/kg/2 days for 4 weeks, tapered to 6 mg/kg/3 days for 4 weeks
[24]	1	1 IVIG	Complete	Coronary aneurysms and increased proBNP levels	100 mg/day for 4 weeks
[25]	11	Al least two	9 complete 2 incomplete	Persistent fever (8/11), dilatation of coronary arteries (7/11), poor clinical conditions (2/11), laboratory abnormalities (6/11), myocarditis with KD shock syndrome (1/11)	Range 2–8 mg/kg/day for 6–81 days
[26]	1	Several, not specified	NA	Giant aneurysm	NA
[27]	2	Several, not specified	NA	KD shock syndrome	NA
[28]	1	2 IVIG, 1 infliximab, 3 steroid boluses	Incomplete	Macrophage activation syndrome	5 mg/kg/day for 1 day and then 10 mg/kg/day tapering in 6 months
[29]	1	1 IVIG	Incomplete	Coronary aneurysms	4 mg/kg/day for 2 months
[30]	1	2 IVIG, 3 steroid boluses, 1 infliximab	Complete	Giant aneurysms	6 mg/kg/die for 9 weeks

KD Kawasaki disease, IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin, proBNP pro B-type natriuretic peptide NA Not available