Figure 3.

Knockdown of CPT1A, but Not Ketogenic Diet, Decreases U87 Tumor Growth In Vivo

(A) Basic schematic of the experimental design for the U87 shCPT1A ketogenic diet xenotransplant experiment. Cells were implanted into 10 mice per group on Day 0. Mice were kept on standard diet for 4 days to allow appropriate recovery, after which half of each group was placed on the ketogenic diet. Weekly bioluminescent imaging was initiated on Day 8.

(B) On Day 21 mouse weight, blood glucose and ketones were measured. Error bars denote ±SEM. Mixed effects model F(3,55.111) = 4.401, p = 0.0076. Last time point F(3,29) = 5.618, p = 0.0037, pairwise comparison significance values are noted in the figure.

(C) Average tumor growth based on total flux (photons/s) from the firefly luciferase (Error bars = ± SEM). Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of animals measured at each time point. Mixed effects model with repeated measures F(1,4,3) = 4.401, p = 0.008, followed by pairwise post-hoc Tukey HSD comparisons at the final time point (∗ = p < 0.05, ∗∗ = p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ = p < 0.001).

(D) Kaplan-Meier curve of mouse survival over the course of the experiment. Survival was tracked for individual animals until either death or progression to a moribund state.

(E) Representative immunohistochemistry of CPT1A in sectioned tissue following brain perfusion. Each image represents a different animal, 3 animals per group. Scale bar, 100 μm.