Table 2.
Operative and perioperative information.
| Surgical hand hygiene group | Regular hand hygiene group | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 259 | n = 218 | ||
| ASA.PS (%) | |||
| 1 | 117 (45.2) | 91 (41.7) | 0.30 |
| 2 | 125 (48.3) | 118 (54.1) | |
| 3 | 17 (6.6) | 9 (4.1) | |
| Sex: male (%) | 186 (71.8) | 153 (70.2) | 0.76 |
| Preoperative Cre (mg/dL) | 0.86 (0.28, 9.54) | 0.87 (0.08, 8.41) | 0.19 |
| Preoperative CRP (mg/dL) | 0.10 (0.00, 14.80) | 0.10 (0.00, 9.44) | 0.47 |
| Preoperative WBC (× 103/µL) | 6.00 (2.90, 21.10) | 6.10 (2.60, 13.40) | 0.48 |
| Preoperative bacteriuria (%) | 58 (22.4) | 41 (22.3) | 0.64 |
| Preoperative fever (%) | 17 (6.7) | 9 (4.1) | 0.31 |
| Preoperative pyuria (%) | 111 (43.7) | 89 (41.4) | 0.64 |
| Preoperative symptom (%) | 110 (42.5) | 86 (39.4) | 0.51 |
| Preoperative ureter stent (%) | 24 (9.3) | 15 (6.9) | 0.40 |
| Operation type (%) | |||
| TURBT | 108 (41.7) | 87 (39.9) | 0.82 |
| URS | 103 (39.8) | 86 (39.4) | |
| ECIRS | 48 (18.5) | 45 (20.6) | |
| Operation time (min) | 55.0 (3.0, 248.0) | 47.0 (3.0, 216.0) | 0.14 |
| Total stone size (mm2) | 50.6 (0.0, 34,213.9) | 43.9 (0.0, 4,127.3) | 0.91 |
| Tumour size (mm) | 8.8 (2.0, 50.0) | 13.0 (2.0, 40.0) | 0.23 |
| Tumour number (%) | |||
| 1 | 61 (56.5) | 53 (60.9) | 0.83 |
| 2 | 15 (13.9) | 11 (12.6) | |
| ≧3 | 32 (29.6) | 23 (26.4) | |
| Postoperative Cre (mg/dL) | 0.85 (0.08, 7.57) | 0.88 (0.37, 9.81) | 0.19 |
| Postoperative CRP (mg/dL) | 0.60 (0.00, 16.87) | 0.57 (0.00, 19.43) | 0.33 |
| Postoperative WBC (× 103/µL) | 7.90 (2.60, 30.30) | 7.60 (1.50, 22.70) | 0.31 |
| Postoperative bacteriuria (%) | 32 (12.3) | 26 (11.9) | 0.89 |
| Postoperative fever (%) | 21 (8.3) | 19 (8.8) | 0.87 |
| Postoperative f-UTIs (%) | 16 (6.2) | 14 (6.4) | 1.00 |
| Postoperative sepsis (%) | 5 (1.9) | 7 (3.2) | 0.39 |
| Postoperative hospitalisation (days) | 4.0 (1.0, 22.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 16.0) | 0.30 |
| Postoperative ureter stent (%) | 139 (53.9) | 121 (55.5) | 0.78 |
| Postoperative nephrostomy (%) | 18 (6.9) | 17 (7.8) | 0.72 |
Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney-U test, and chi-squared test were performed. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
ASA PS American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status, Cre creatinine, CRP C-reactive protein, TURBT transurethral resection of a bladder tumour, WBC white blood cell, f-UTIs: febrile urinary tract infections.