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. 2020 Jul 28;12(8):816. doi: 10.3390/v12080816

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Graphic summarizing significant changes in fetal immune responses based on type of infection and tissue, as interpreted by RT-qPCR analysis. BVDV transient infection represents a fetal infection after gestational day 160 in which the fetus is able to clear the virus. Trends include an upregulation in genes associated with the innate immune response. Day 190 of collections may have been too early to capture an adaptive immune response in TI fetuses. However, we hypothesize that these pathways contribute to BVDV clearance in TI animals. BVDV-persistent infection represents a fetal infection before gestational day 120 in which the fetus is unable to clear the virus. Trends include a drastic down-regulation of the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, and may lead to immunotolerance of the fetus to BVDV. In future studies, TI BVDV clearance and PI immunotolerance will be studied further with protein targets and flow cytometry. Green text, up arrow left of text, and listed genes represent pathways and genes which were significantly upregulated, as determined by RT-qPCR. Red text, down arrow left of text, and listed genes represent pathways and genes which were significantly downregulated as determined by RT-qPCR.