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. 2020 Jul 31;12(8):494. doi: 10.3390/toxins12080494

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(a) Working principle of the simplified solid-phase colored latex immunobead assay (SPIA) test, adapted from ref. [107]; (b) Working principle of Membrane Immunobead Assay (MIA) test, adapted from [112].