Table 2.
Comparison of Average Daily Smartphone Usage Before (February) and After (March) the COVID-19 Outbreak.
| Daily Smartphone Use Before and After COVID-19 Outbreak | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February | March | ||||||
| M | SD | M | SD | df | t | Increase (%) | |
| Smartphone use duration (min) | 166.7 | 110.5 | 190.4 | 123.7 | 2104 | –20.9*** | 14.2 |
| Smartphone pickups total | 49.8 | 31.1 | 50.6 | 32.1 | 2104 | –2.8*** | 1.6 |
| Session duration (min) | 4.2 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 6.7 | 2081 | –8.4*** | 14.1 |
| News app use duration (min) | 9.9 | 10.7 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 1000 | –9.8*** | 31.1 |
| News apps opened | 5.2 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 1000 | –15.8*** | 41.5 |
| Notification from news apps opened | 1.3 | .4 | 1.8 | .9 | 416 | –15.4*** | 38.5 |
| Messaging duration (min) | 27.4 | 30.7 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 2068 | –19.8*** | 33.4 |
| Messaging apps opened | 41.5 | 41.7 | 47.5 | 44.9 | 2068 | –13.8*** | 14.3 |
| Notifications from messaging apps opened | 11.2 | 13.8 | 13.6 | 16.3 | 1983 | –14.0*** | 21.4 |
| Social media app use duration (min) | 42.2 | 38.7 | 52.1 | 47.7 | 1910 | –20.1*** | 23.3 |
| Number of times social media apps opened | 27.7 | 30.2 | 31.9 | 35.4 | 1910 | –12.2*** | 15.1 |
| Notifications from social media apps opened | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 1421 | –6.2*** | 16.1 |
| Duration of (video) calls (min) | 6.1 | 6.9 | 8.9 | 10.2 | 1605 | –14.9*** | 44.2 |
| Number of times calling apps opened | 6.1 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 1605 | –4.5*** | 6.9 |
Note: COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019.
***
p < .001.