Figure 2: Mechanisms for regulating the astrocyte-microglia module.
Astrocytes (ochre) and microglia (blue) can inter-signal (factors A and B) and thereby amplify or diminish their individual or shared responses (communication). This signaling can be adjusted by ligands (factor C) that target both cell types (synchrony) or that target one cell type that indirectly alters (factor D) the other cell type (relay effects).