Table 1.
Incidence of venous thromboembolism in Covid-19 patients.
| Country | n | Study design | VTE prophylaxis | Medical ward | Follow-up duration | DVT | PE ± DVT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China [25] | 81 | Retrospective cohort | NO | ICU | NR | 20/81 (25%) | NR |
| Netherlands [18], [29] | 184 | Retrospective cohort | Nadroparin (weight-adjusted prophylactic dose) | ICU | Median 14 days | 1/184 (0.5%) | 65/184 (35%) |
| France [21] | 150 | Prospective cohort | 105/150 (70%) prophylactic heparin; 45/150 (30%) therapeutic heparin | ICU | Mean 9.6 days | 3/150 (2.0%) | 25/150 (16.7%) |
| Italy [67] | 22 | Prospective cohort | Anticoagulant prophylactic | ICU | NR | 5/22 (23%) | NR |
| France [68] | 26 | Retrospective cohort | 8/26 (31%) prophylactic heparin, 18/26 (69%) therapeutic heparin | ICU | NR | 14/26 (54%) | 6/26 (23%) |
| Italy [69] | 388 | Retrospective cohort | 175/388 (45%) prophylactic heparin; 17/61 (28%) weight-adjusted prophylactic heparin; 67/388 intermediate dose heparin; 76/388 (19.5%) therapeutic heparin | ICU | Median 18 days | 4/388 (0.3%) | 10/388 (3.6%) |
| France [27] | 107 | Retrospective cohort | NR | ICU | NR | 2/107 (1.9%) | 22/107 (21%) |
| UK [70] | 63 | Retrospective cohort | Weight-adjusted heparin at prophylactic dose | ICU | Median 8 days | 0 | 5/63 (8.0%) |
| Netherlands [30] | 198 | Retrospective cohort | Nadroparin (weight-adjusted prophylactic dose) | ICU | Median 15 days | 25/198 (12.6%) | 13/198 (6.6%) |
| France [71] | 71 | Retrospective cohort | Weight-appropriate prophylactic enoxaparin | Non-ICU | NR | 22.5% | 10% |
| China [72] | 88 | Retrospective cohort | LMWH thromboprophylaxis for more than 1 week | ICU | NR | 46% | NR |
| Spain [73] | 156 | Prospective cohort | 153 patients received standard dose thromboprophylaxis | Non-ICU | 9 days | 14.7% (asymptomatic) | NR |
| China [74] | 143 | Retrospective | 53/143 (37.1%), LMWH thromboprophylaxis | Non-ICU = 78 | NR | 46.1% overall (66/143) | NR |
| 90/143 (62.9%), no thromboprophylaxis | ICU = 65 | 22 (LMWH) | |||||
| 44 patients (no LMWH) | |||||||
| Italy [75] | 84 | Prospective cohort | Thromboprophylaxis | Non-ICU | Mean 5.8 days | 11.9% | NR |
| Noxaparin 40 mg once daily | |||||||
| Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily |
VTE defined as the presence of pulmonary embolism (PE) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) reported in patients with COVID-19 infection.