TABLE 6.
Differences between children with MIS-C and COVID-19.
| MIS-C | COVID-19 | |
|---|---|---|
| GENERAL INFORMATION | ||
| Total number of patients | 662 | 7780 |
| Dates included | January 1, 2020 - July 25, 2020 | December 1, 2019 - May 14, 2020 |
| Number of studies | 39 | 131 |
| Data source | Multi-national | Multi-national |
| DEMOGRAPHICS | ||
| Age | 9.3 ± 0.5 | 8.9 ± 0.5 |
| mean ± SD | [n = 528] | [n = 4517] |
| Male gender% | 52.3 | 55.6 |
| [n = 662] | [n = 4640] | |
| Comorbidity% | 48.0 | 35.6 |
| [n = 558] | [n = 655] | |
| LABORATORY MARKERS | ||
| Complete blood count mean ± SD | ||
| Leukocytes (103/μL) | 13.2 ± 0.8 | 7.1 ± 0.3 |
| [n = 395] | [n = 811] | |
| Neutrophil (%) | 80.7 ± 7.8 | 44.4 ± 2.7 |
| [n = 276] | [n = 512] | |
| Lymphocyte (%) | 9.8 ± 0.8 | 39.9 ± 2.0 |
| [n = 306] | [n = 672] | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.2 ± 0.8 | 12.9 ± 0.9 |
| [n = 211] | [n = 211] | |
| Platelets (103/µL) | 215 ± 11.4 | 273 ± 8.5 |
| [n = 394] | [n = 115] | |
| Liver and renal function mean ± SD | ||
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 59.8 ± 4.1 | 19.5 ± 1.0 |
| [n = 226] | [n = 656] | |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 57.3 ± 5.3 | 29.4 ± 2.2 |
| [n = 145] | [n = 469] | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| [n = 158] | [n = 449] | |
| Inflammatory markers mean ± SD | ||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 160 ± 7.0 | 9.4 ± 0.5 |
| [n = 439] | [n = 643] | |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 977 ± 55.8 | 51.6 ± 13.2 |
| [n = 303] | [n = 22] | |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 30.5 ± 2.1 | 0.25 ± 0.0 |
| [n = 312] | [n = 259] | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 478 ± 45.4 | 277 ± 25.9 |
| [n = 300] | [n = 404] | |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 135 ± 46.0 | 197 ± 23.1 |
| [n = 49] | [n = 193] | |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 184 ± 15.6 | 26.1 ± 3.7 |
| [n = 257] | [n = 92] | |
| Coagulation mean ± SD | ||
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 3.5 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.1 |
| [n = 349] | [n = 285] | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 499 ± 58.3 | 224 ± 1.3 |
| [n = 267] | [n = 179] | |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h) | 59.4 ± 9.1 | 14.1 ± 3.4 |
| [n = 191] | [n = 134] | |
| OUTCOME | ||
| Length of hospitalization mean ± SD | 7.9 ± 0.6 | 11.6 ± 0.3 |
| [n = 423] | [n = 652] | |
| Intensive care unit admission | 470 (71.0) | 116 (3.3) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 3564] |
| Shock | 398 (60.1) | 19 (0.24) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 7780] |
| Mechanical ventilation | 147 (22.2) | 42 (0.54) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 7780] |
| Aneurysm | 47 (7.1) | |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | – |
| Death | 11 (1.7) | 7 (0.09) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 7780] |
| TREATMENT | ||
| IVIG | 506 (76.4) | 19 (3.1) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 614] |
| Corticosteroid | 347 (52.3) | 25 (4.1) |
| In (%) | [n = 662] | [n = 614] |
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Brackets under data signify sample size for that variable. Refer to reference Hoang et al. [Ref. 24] for data source for COVID-19. COVID-19-coronavirus disease 2019, IVIG-intravenous immunoglobulin, MIS-C-multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.