Table 1.
Patient demographics
| All treated subjects n=52 | Cardiac dysfunction n=6 | No cardiac dysfunction n=46 | P value* | ||
| Age, median (range), year | 13 (4–30) | 18 (10–30) | 13 (4–27) | 0.059 | |
| Male, n (%) | 41 (78.8) | 6 (100) | 35 (76.1) | 0.32 | |
| Diagnosis | ALL, n (%) | 50 (96.1) | 5 (83.3) | 45 (97.8) | 0.22 |
| NHL, n (%) | 2 (3.8) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (2.2) | ||
| Primary refractory | 13 (25) | 3 (50) | 10 (21.7) | 0.34 | |
| Prior lines of therapy | >4, n (%) | 9 (17.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (19.6) | |
| 2–4, n (%) | 43 (82.7) | 6 (100) | 37 (80.4) | ||
| Prior HSCT | 0, n (%) | 29 (55.8) | 3 (50) | 26 (56.5) | 1.00 |
| 1, n (%) | 18 (34.6) | 3 (50) | 15 (32.6) | ||
| 2, n (%) | 5 (9.6) | 0 (0) | 5 (10.9) | ||
| Prior TBI, n (%) | 23 (44) | 3 (50) | 20 (43.4) | 1.00 | |
| Prior immunotherapy, n (%) | 11 (21.1) | 1 (16.7) | 10 (21.7) | 1.00 | |
| Prior anthracycline exposure, median (range), doxorubicin equivalents | 205 (70–620) | 275 (110–571) | 205 (70–620) | 0.23 | |
| Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction, median (range), % | 60 (50–70) | 61 (50–70) | 60 (50–72) | 0.59 | |
| Baseline left ventricular global strain, median (range), % n=37 |
16.8 (11.6 to 23.5) | 14.4 (11.6 to 18.7)† | 17 (14.1 to 23.5) | 0.04 | |
| Performance status, median (range) % | 90 (40–100) |
80 (40–90) |
90 (50–100) |
0.07 | |
Cardiac dysfunction is defined as a >10% absolute decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with baseline or new onset left ventricular systolic dysfunction >grade 2, LVEF <50%. Any biological therapy used to treat cancer, for example, CAR T cells, antibody-based therapy.
*The p value is comparing baseline characteristics of those with and without cardiac dysfunction. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is presented in absolute numbers (%).
†Only four patients had baseline GLS measured.
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; HSCT, Hematopoietic stem cell transplant; NHL, non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma; TBI, total body irradiation.