Table 2.

Clinical characteristics of patient groups

Variables	No DM		DM
	Increased UAE	No UAE	Increased UAE	No UAE
n	14	20	20	10
Age, yr	50.79 ± 9.27	54.45 ± 6.04	60.30 ± 9.33	54.78 ± 4.15
Sex (men/women), %	64.3/35.7	60.0/40.0	75.0/25.0	77.8/23.2
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	130.79 ± 10.59	134.05 ± 18.55	143.05 ± 23.61	140.78 ± 34.06
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	82.50 ± 8.86	88.00 ± 13.53	82.95 ± 17.10	89.00 ± 18.04
Glucose, mg/dL	97.43 ± 17.46	103.65 ± 9.51	154.150 ± 58.49h	149.11 ± 59.53i
Glycated hemoglobin, %	5.75 ± 0.07	5.62 ± 0.21	7.15 ± 1.17g	6.47 ± 1.05i
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	204.86 ± 35.98d	184.00 ± 22.66	184.60 ± 31.14b	150.67 ± 25.18i
LDL, mg/dL	133.43 ± 30.13	116.85 ± 19.74	114.05 ± 27.92a	86.00 ± 20.58i
HDL, mg/dL	56.00 ± 13.80	51.30 ± 10.85	42.20 ± 10.68	43.67 ± 8.60
Triglycerides, mg/dL	113.86 ± 44.12	121.40 ± 57.47	244.2 ± 194.3g	159.0 ± 65.02
Plasma creatinine, mg/dL	0.91 ± 0.34	0.85 ± 0.17	1.00 ± 0.41	0.99 ± 0.27
Glomerular filtratration rate, mL·min−1·1.73 m−2	92.04 ± 29.28	89.58 ± 16.97	86.74 ± 30.23	82.81 ± 23.51
Body mass index, kg/m2	29.46 ± 5.00	30.60 ± 6.49	35.10 ± 7.57	29.51 ± 4.66
Obesity, %	42.9	40.0	65.0	44.4
Dyslipidemia, %	85.7	75.0	95.0	100
UAE-to-creatinine ratio, mg/g	221.7 ± 229.7f	4.84 ± 6.45	307.3 ± 228.8c, e	3.03 ± 1.48

Values are means ± SD. DM, diabetes mellitus; UAE, urinary albumin excretion. Comparisons between diabetic groups:

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01, and

^cP < 0.001. Comparisons between diabetic and nondiabetic groups:

^dP < 0.05,

^eP < 0.01, and

^fP < 0.001. Comparisons between increased UAE groups:

^gP < 0.05 and

^hP < 0.01. Comparisons between no UAE groups:

ⁱP < 0.05.