Table 2.
Grading of evidence quality of primary efficacy outcome indicators.
| Study ID | Participants | Interventions | RCTs (sample size) | Statistics | Grading | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment group | Control group | |||||
| Mortality | ||||||
| Sun [29] | HF | QQC (NA) + CT | CT | 6 (539) | RR = 0.53 [0.27, 1.07], P > 0.05 | Lowa,d |
|
| ||||||
| Hospitalization rate | ||||||
| Sun [29] | HF | QQC (NA) + CT | CT | 9 (669) | RR = 0.49 [0.38, 0.64], P < 0.05 | Moderatea |
| Wang [30] | CHF | QYDP (0.5 g, tid) + CT | CT | 2 (248) | RR = 0.52 [0.33, 0.81], P=0.004 | Moderatea |
| Liu [31] | CHF | QYDP (0.5 g, tid) + CT | CT | 3 (365) | OR = 0.41 [0.23, 0.72], P=0.002 | Moderatea |
|
| ||||||
| Clinical comprehensive efficacy | ||||||
| Shang [20] | CHF | QQC (0.9–1.2 g, tid) + CT | CT | 12 (1110) | RR = 1.24 [1.17, 1.31], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Li [21] | CHF | QQC (NA) + CT | CT | 16 (1422) | RR = 1.18 [1.13, 1.24], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Feng [27] | DHF | QQC (NA) + CT | CT | 14 (1220) | RR = 1.29 [1.21, 1.36], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Sun [28] | HF-ICM | QQC (NA) + CT | CT or CT + placebo | 19 (1611) | RR = 1.21 [1.16, 1.27], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Wang [30] | CHF | QYDP (0.5 g, tid) + CT | CT | 7 (887) | RR = 1.18 [1.12, 1.25], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Wang [33] | CHF | QYDP (0.5 g, tid) + CT | CT | 16 (1791) | OR = 3.82 [2.83, 5.16], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Tian [38] | HF-CHD | QYDP (0.5 g, tid) + CT | CT | 12 (1298) | RR = 1.16 [1.11, 1.21], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| An [39] | CHF | SBP (22.5–45 mg, tid) + CT | CT or CT + placebo | 15(1327) | OR = 3.75 [2.72, 5.16], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Jin [40] | CHF | SBP (NA) + CT | CT | 19 (1560) | RR = 1.18 [1.13, 1.24], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Dong [41] | CHF | SBP (22.5–67.5 mg, tid) + CT | CT or CT + placebo | 17 (1621) | OR = 3.88 [2.87, 5.26], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Lin [42] | HF-ICM | SBP (NA)+CT + trimetazidine | CT + trimetazidine | 12 (1186) | RR = 1.30 [1.23, 1.38], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Liang [44] | HF + Arrhythmia | WK (5 g, tid; 9 g,tid)+CT + amiodarone | CT + amiodarone | 4 (386) | OR = 5.48 [2.59, 11.61], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Liu [45] | CHF | TC (2–4#, tid) + CT | CT | 10 (915) | OR = 2.76 [1.93, 3.95], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| He [46] | HF-CHD | TC (2–4#, tid) + CT | CT | 16 (1632) | OR = 4.28 [3.04, 6.01], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Wang [47] | CHF | CDDP (10#, tid) + CT | CT | 9 (912) | RR = 1.22 [1.15, 1.29], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Lai [48] | CHF | CDDP (NA) + CT | CT | 17 (1440) | RR = 1.21 [1.16, 1.27], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Wu [50] | CHF | ZC (NA) + CT | CT | 10 (901) | OR = 4.35 [2.97, 6.36], P < 0.00001 | Lowa,e |
| Li [52] | CHF | BQT (4#, tid) + CT | CT | 5 (334) | OR = 4.54 [2.23, 9.26], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Chen [54] | CHF | YT (0.9–1.2 g, tid) + CT | CT | 12 (1232) | OR = 3.24 [2.33, 4.49], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
| Zhang [55] | CHF | XZK (0.3 g, bid; 0.6 g, qd; 0.6 g, bid; 0.6 g, tid) + CT | CT or CT + placebo | 5 (382) | OR = 3.04 [1.81, 5.10], P < 0.00001 | Moderatea |
HF: heart failure; CHF: chronic heart failure; DHF: diastolic heart failure; HF-ICM: heart failure caused by ischemic cardiomyopathy; HF-CHD: heart failure caused by coronary heart disease; QQC : Qili Qiangxin Capsules; QYDP : Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills; SBP : Shexiang Baoxin Pills; WK : Wenxin Keli; TC : Tongxinluo Capsules; FDDP : Fufang Danshen Dripping Pills; ZC : Zhenyuan Capsules; BQT : Buyi Qiangxin Tablets; YT : Yangxinshi Tablets; XZK : Xuezhikang; CT: conventional therapy; CI: confidence interval; RR: relative risk; OR: odds ratio. aThe limitation (risk of bias) is a factor of downgrading; bThe inconsistency is a factor of downgrading; cThe indirectness is a factor of downgrading; dThe inaccuracy is a factor of downgrading; eThe publication bias is a factor of downgrading.