Table 1.
Measurement of study variables.
| Variable and items | Cronbach α | Range | |
| Preventive behaviors: how frequently are you engaging in the following behaviors? | .72 | 1-5 | |
|
|
Wearing masks |
|
|
|
|
Washing hands |
|
|
|
|
Sanitizing clothes or other items |
|
|
|
|
Sneezing into your elbows |
|
|
|
|
Staying at home (avoid going out) |
|
|
| Intervening behaviors: please indicate whether or not you have persuaded your social others such as families and friends to:a | N/Ab | 0-5 | |
|
|
Wear masks |
|
|
|
|
Wash hands |
|
|
|
|
Sanitize clothes or other items |
|
|
|
|
Stay at home (avoid going out) |
|
|
|
|
Sneeze into elbows |
|
|
| Barriers | .84 | 1-5 | |
|
|
It is hard to buy masks. |
|
|
|
|
It is difficult to get sanitizers. |
|
|
| Benefits | .87 | 1-5 | |
|
|
Wearing face masks can help prevent the spread of the coronavirus. |
|
|
|
|
Using sanitizers can help prevent the spread of the coronavirus. |
|
|
| Self-efficacy | .85 | 1-5 | |
|
|
How confident are you at your preventing behaviors toward the coronavirus? |
|
|
|
|
How confident are you that you will not be infected with the coronavirus? |
|
|
| Emotional support | N/A | 1-5 | |
|
|
During the outbreak of coronavirus, my friends or family have provided me with emotional support when I need it, such as talking over problems. |
|
|
| Patient-centered communication | .94 | 1-5 | |
|
|
In general, my feelings were taken seriously. |
|
|
|
|
I was given a chance to ask all the health-related questions. |
|
|
|
|
My health care providers made sure I understand the things I needed to do to take care of my health. |
|
|
|
|
My health care providers explained things in a way that I could understand. |
|
|
| Media literacy | .84 | 1-5 | |
|
|
I look for more information before I believe something I see in messages. |
|
|
|
|
It is important to think twice about what messages say. |
|
|
|
|
I think about the purpose behind messages I see. |
|
|
|
|
I think about the truthfulness of messages before I accept them as believable. |
|
|
| Social media: how frequently do you receive coronavirus-related news or information from the following media channels? | .62 | 1-5 | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wechat messages |
|
|
|
|
Wechat public news accounts |
|
|
|
|
QQ messages or Qzone |
|
|
| Traditional media | .76 | 1-5 | |
|
|
TV |
|
|
|
|
Broadcast |
|
|
|
|
Newspapers |
|
|
| Internet news channels other than social media | N/A | 1-5 | |
|
|
News apps, news on websites, or other format of news on the internet other than social media |
|
|
aThe response was dichotomous.
bN/A: not applicable.