Table 1B.

Clinical publications examining associations between exercise and immune function in patients with cancer

Article	Subjects	Exercise modality	Tumor growth effects of exercise	Immune effects of exercise
Randomized controlled trial of exercise and blood immune function in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors	Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors sedentary group	Cycle ergometry sessions 3 times per week for 15 weeks	Not addressed	↑Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity
	n = 28 exercise group
	n = 25
Fairey et al. 1985
PMID: 15772062
Effect of aerobic training on the host systemic milieu in patients with solid tumors: an exploratory correlative study	Mixed solid tumor patients	Aerobic cycle ergometry sessions 3 times per week at 55%−100% VO2 peak for 12 weeks	Not addressed	↑VO2 peak
				↓Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1
	sedentary group = 21			↓VEGF
				No change in TNF-a
	exercise group = 23			↑CD8+ and CD4+ T cells
				No change in NK cells
Glass et al. 2015
PMID: 25584487
Exercise and lymphocyte activation following chemotherapy for breast cancer	Breast cancer patients recovering from chemotherapy	Treadmill or outdoor running or walking sessions for 6 month	Not addressed	↑Percentage of CD4+ CD69+ T cells (activated T lymphocytes) in blood
				No change in IFNy
	sedentary group = 21			No change in IL6
Hutnick et al. 2005	exercise group = 28
PMID: 16286849
Modulation of circulating angiogenic factors and tumor biology by aerobic training in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy	Women with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed unresected stage IIB-IIIC breast adenocarcinoma	Three supervised aerobic cycle ergometry sessions per week, 20 to 45 min/session (duration), at 55% to 100% of VO2 peak for 12 weeks	Not addressed	↑VO2 Peak
				↑CEP surface markers of VEGFR-2
				↑PLGF (proangiogenic factor)
				↑IL8
				↓Expression of PAK4, FYB, and TNFRSF10D (converges on NF-kB pathway) in tumors
Jones et al. 2013	Chemo alone: n = 10
PMID: 23842792	Chemo + exercise: n = 10