. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 7.

Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Nov 7;148:290–307. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.10.006

Table 4.

Self-assembled peptide nanoscaffolds and nanotapes investigated for corneal tissue regeneration

Peptide Amphiphile	Peptide Amphiphile Structure	Cell Type	Summary Findings	Ref.
C₁₂-VVAGKYIGSR; obtained from laminin	Nanofiber: 20–30 nm	HCKs	HCKs proliferated on the nanofibers similarly as on collagen surface. Injection of the scaffolds to damaged New Zealand white rabbit corneas induced keratocyte migration and collagen I synthesis, which was indicative of corneal stroma regeneration.	[148]
C₁₆–KTTKS; obtained from human collagen type I	Nanotape	HCKs	HCKs grew about 400% slower but produced about 200% more collagen on the nanotape than in basal medium after 3 days of incubation.	[159]
C₁₆-YEALRVANEVTLN; obtained from lumican	Nanotape	HCKs	The self-assembled nanotape increased collagen production up to 1.25 times with increase in the concentration of the aggregated amphiphilic peptide from 0.00125 wt% to 0.0025 wt% in 21 days, compared to the scaffolds made of the monomeric peptide.	[149]
C₁₆-TPGPQGIAGQ-RGDS/C₁₆-ETTES	Peptide amphiphile coated on a topography	HCKs and HCECs	Formed corneal stromal tissue that was capable of supporting corneal epithelium. There was also no evidence of corneal haze or contracture after 9 months of peptide amphiphile film implantation in New Zealand white rabbit corneal stroma.	[153, 154, 160]
RFL₄FR; synthetic origin	Nanotape	HCKs	Cells grown on the nanotape made of low concentration of RFL₄FR had comparable morphology and viability to those cultured on tissue culture plate. But higher concentration of the peptide amphiphile led to lower cell adhesion.	[152]
C₁₆-G₃-RGDS/C₁₆-ETTES; obtained from fibronectin	Nanotape C₁₆-ETTES: 19.6 ±1.3 nm C₁₆-G₃-RGDS: 19.7±4.4 nm	HCKs	Formed highly-organized 3D stromal tissue via deposition of collagen fibrils with diameter comparable to that found in stromal lamellae of the native human cornea. 5x more immobile cells and 2.4x thicker tissue were formed by HCKs grown on the peptide amphiphile coated surface than on the uncoated polystyrene surface.	[150]