Table 3.
Results from multiple log-linear regression of daily travel duration in minutes (US knowledge workers on workday 2003–2017; n = 24,392)
| Work-related travel daily minutes | Maintenance travel daily minutes | Discretionary travel daily minutes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. | Factor Chg. | Coef. | Factor Chg. | Coef. | Factor Chg. | |
| Duration of work in minutes | 0.001*** | 1.001 | − 0.003*** | 0.997 | − 0.002*** | 0.998 |
| Work location (base: workplace only) | ||||||
| Home only | − 3.14*** | 0.04 | − 0.44*** | 0.65 | − 0.13** | 0.88 |
| Other home only | − 0.96*** | 0.38 | 0.42** | 1.52 | − 0.15 | 0.86 |
| Café/library only | − 0.26 | 0.77 | 0.42** | 1.52 | 0.36 | 1.43 |
| Vehicle only | 1.80*** | 6.03 | 0.03 | 1.03 | 0.08 | 1.08 |
| Unspecified | − 0.39*** | 0.68 | 0.03 | 1.03 | 0.15 | 1.16 |
| Workplace and home only | − 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.14*** | 1.15 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Workplace and other home only | 0.29*** | 1.34 | 0.34 | 1.41 | 0.32 | 1.38 |
| Workplace and café/library only | 0.39*** | 1.48 | 0.25** | 1.29 | 0.10 | 1.11 |
| Workplace and vehicle only | 1.28*** | 3.61 | 0.00 | 1.00 | − 0.25 | 0.78 |
| Workplace and unspecified only | 0.27*** | 1.31 | 0.56*** | 1.75 | 0.20* | 1.23 |
| Workplace and 2 or more | 0.65*** | 1.92 | 0.48*** | 1.61 | 0.24** | 1.27 |
| Home, not workplace and 1 or more | − 0.03 | 0.97 | 0.39*** | 1.47 | 0.10 | 1.10 |
| R2 = 0.4229 | R2 = 0.1191 | R2 = 0.0565 | ||||
Control variables are shown in “Appendix”; stars indicate significance: *p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01