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. 2020 Aug 17;117(35):21209–21217. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2004535117

Table 3.

GAMM of the association between intraindividual sleep duration and the amount of future social activity (in individuals who socialize at least once)

Variable Estimate SE t-value P value
Parametric coefficients
 Intercept 1.88 0.02 81.98 <0.001
 Workday −0.54 0.02 −21.98 <0.001
Smooth terms EDF RefDF F-value
 Sleep duration 0.00 4 0.00 0.563
 Average sleep duration 1.69 4 8.51 0.019
 Sleep duration × average sleep duration 1.72 16 0.65 0.010
 Random intercept for participant 237.90 437 1.57 <0.001

GAMM, generalized additive mixed-effect model; EDF, effective degrees of freedom; RefDF, reference degrees of freedom. An “x” between two variables represents a continuous interaction. All smooth terms are centered at zero. P values for smooth terms represent a test of whether the term is different to a flat line.