Table 1.

Identifying and responding to trauma exposure and trauma reactions/symptoms

Trauma Exposure
Identify	Respond
Child maltreatment and family violence	Report abuse or exposure to violence when indicated to keep child safe
Special populations (e.g., youth in foster care, refugee youth)	Coordinate and collaborate between varying systems of care
Familial challenges (e.g., a hurt or sick caregiver, community violence/crime)	Identify support for impacted family members
Secondary adversities (e.g., loss of housing, food insecurity, educational displacement)	Connect to case management to support housing, financial, legal, or other needs
Trauma reactions/symptoms
Identify	Respond
Suicidality	Assess for risk using a validated process such as the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale
Functional impairment	Provide letters and connect to case management when needed (e.g., letter to school for accommodations, consideration of 504/IEP)
Minimal traumatic stress symptoms	Validate resilience, provide anticipatory guidance, and systematically screen for symptoms
Moderate or severe traumatic stress symptoms	Provide education, skills, or techniques targeted at specific symptoms; refer to evidence-based, trauma-focused therapists for assessment and treatment