Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 306 patients with acute respiratory failure at randomization
| Characteristics | NAVA group (N = 153) | Control group (N = 153) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 63.9 ± 15.4 | 64.7 ± 14.1 |
| Male gender, N (%) | 100 (65.4) | 101 (66) |
| Primary diagnoses, N (%) | ||
| Pneumonia | 49 (32) | 49 (32) |
| Sepsis | 40 (26.1) | 36 (23.5) |
| Post-surgical | 22 (14.4) | 18 (11.8) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 15 (9.8) | 18 (11.8) |
| Acute pancreatitis | 5 (3.3) | 4 (2.6) |
| Aspiration | 4 (2.6) | 4 (2.6) |
| Overdose/poisoning | 4 (2.6) | 4 (2.6) |
| Trauma | 3 (2) | 5 (3.3) |
| Heart failure | 3 (2) | 4 (2.6) |
| Others | 8 (5.2) | 11 (7.2) |
| APACHE II score | 16.1 ± 7 | 16.4 ± 7.2 |
| Time from intubation to study inclusion, days | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 2 ± 1.5 |
| SOFA score | 6.4 ± 3.1 | 6.8 ± 3.3 |
| Tidal volume, ml/kg PBW | 7.4 ± 1.4 | 7.2 ± 1.2 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 19 ± 6 | 19 ± 5 |
| Peak inspiratory pressure (cmH2O) | 22 ± 7 | 24 ± 7 |
| Plateau pressure (cmH2O) | 19 ± 5 (n = 105) | 20 ± 5 (n = 128) |
| PEEP (cmH2O) | 8 ± 2 | 8 ± 3 |
| FiO2 | 0.44 ± 0.09 | 0.47 ± 0.12 |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 106 ± 31 | 109 ± 36 |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 250 ± 87 | 244 ± 88 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 43.1 ± 7.6 | 44.8 ± 9.8 |
| pH | 7.41 ± 0.09 | 7.39 ± 0.08 |
| Ventilatory mode, N (%) | ||
| Volume control | 54 (35.3) | 68 (44.4) |
| Pressure control | 18 (11.8) | 15 (9.8) |
| Pressure support | 43 (28.1) | 27 (17.6) |
| Pressure-regulated volume control | 38 (24.8) | 43 (28.1) |
Plus–minus values are means ± SD. Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. There were no significant differences between the groups. FiO2 denotes fraction of inspired oxygen
APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores range from 0 to 71, PBW predicted body weight, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score [19]