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. 2020 Apr 29;37(9):2568–2583. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msaa108

Table 1.

Results of D-Statistic.

Target Population D-Statistic Z-Score P Value
H. armigera 2013a 0.1203 ± 0.005015 23.986 <0.0001
H. armigera 2017a 0.0259 ± 0.004774 5.427 <0.0001
H. zea 2013b 0.0068 ± 0.004373 1.551 0.1209
H. zea 2017b 0.0554 ± 0.010163 5.455 <0.0001

Note.—Admixture test for Brazilian populations of Helicoverpa in 2013 and 2017. Model used for H. armigera populations (((A, B)C)D): (((x, H. armigera Old World) H. zea New World) H. punctigera). Model used for H. zea populations (((A, B)C)D): (((x, H. zea New World) H. armigera Old World) H. punctigera). A significantly positive Z-score implies gene flow between A and C. A significantly negative Z-score implies gene flow between B and C. P values <0.05 indicates D-statistic significantly different from 0.