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. 2020 Aug 31;7(6):292–304. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0294

Table 4.

Patient–Provider Communication Experiences and Preferences for Terminology Related to Sexual and Reproductive Anatomy and Associated Examinations by Gender Identity

  Total sample
Gender identity
p
n (%)
Binary
Non-binary
n = 1788 (n = 1218, 68.1%) (n = 570, 31.9%)
Experiences—has a medical provider ever…
 Asked for your preferred language for body parts 481 (26.9) 365 (30.0) 116 (20.4) <0.001
Preferences
 Ask me what words I prefer to use for my body parts 1390 (77.7) 927 (76.1) 463 (81.2) 0.015
 Use medical terminology as opposed to slang when talking about body 1169 (65.4) 781 (64.1) 388 (68.1) 0.102
Preferred terminology (Examinations)
 Chest/breast examination
  Top examination 129 (7.2) 90 (7.4) 39 (6.8) 0.213
  Chest tissue examination 229 (12.8) 147 (12.1) 82 (14.4)  
  Chest examination 1382 (77.3) 943 (77.4) 439 (77.0)  
  Do not have a word 48 (2.7) 38 (3.1) 10 (1.8)  
 Gynecological examination
  GYN examination 268 (15.0) 162 (13.3)a 106 (18.6)a <0.001
  Pelvic examination 788 (44.1) 490 (40.2)a 298 (52.3)b  
  Bottom examination 136 (7.6) 109 (8.9)a 27 (4.7)a  
  Pap test 165 (9.2) 112 (9.2)a 53 (9.3)a  
  Do not have a word 142 (7.9) 118 (9.7)a 24 (4.2)b  
  Has had hysterectomy and oophorectomy and/or genital surgery 289 (16.2) 227 (18.6)a 62 (10.9)b  
Preferred terminology (Anatomy)
 Chest/breasts
  Female-identified terminology 209 (11.7) 93 (7.6)a 116 (20.4)b <0.001
  Male-identified terminology 44 (2.5) 38 (3.1)a 6 (1.1)a  
  Gender-neutral terminology 1455 (81.4) 1037 (85.1)a 418 (73.3)b  
  Do not refer to it or have a word 80 (4.5) 50 (4.1)a 30 (5.3)a  
 Clitoris
  Female-identified terminology 770 (43.1) 431 (35.4)a 339 (59.5)b <0.001
  Male-identified terminology 701 (39.2) 573 (47.0)a 128 (22.5)b  
  Gender-neutral terminology 33 (1.8) 21 (1.7)a 12 (2.1)a  
  Do not refer to it or have a word 231 (12.9) 147 (12.1)a 84 (14.7)a  
 Phallus
  Male identified terminology 53 (3.0) 46 (3.8) 7 (1.2) 0.003
 Vaginal opening
  Female-identified terminology 787 (44.0) 477 (39.2)a 310 (54.4)b <0.001
  Male-identified terminology 49 (2.7) 39 (3.2)a 10 (1.8)a  
  Gender-neutral terminology 518 (29.0) 391 (32.1)a 127 (22.3)b  
  Do not refer to it or have a word 406 (22.7) 285 (23.4)a 121 (21.2)a  
  Has had a vaginectomy 28 (1.6) 26 (2.1)a 2 (0.4)a  
 Ovaries/gonads
  Female-identified terminology 1015 (56.8) 640 (52.5)a 375 (65.8)b <0.001
  Male-identified terminology 68 (3.8) 47 (3.9)a 21 (3.7)a  
  Gender-neutral terminology 63 (3.5) 52 (4.3)a 11 (1.9)a  
  Do not refer to it or have a word 364 (20.4) 259 (21.3)a 105 (18.4)a  
  Has had an oophorectomy 278 (15.5) 220 (18.1)a 58 (10.2)b  
 Uterus
  Female-identified terminology 1050 (58.7) 666 (54.7)a 384 (67.4)b <0.001
  Male-identified terminology 79 (4.4) 64 (5.3)a 15 (2.6)a  
  Gender-neutral terminology 24 (1.3) 18 (1.5)a 6 (1.1)a  
  Do not refer to it or have a word 357 (20.0) 250 (20.5)a 107 (18.8)a  
  Has had a hysterectomy 278 (15.5) 220 (18.1)a 58 (10.2)b  

Percentages are calculated by column. p-Values refer to the omnibus chi-square with Bonferroni correction; absuperscripts are used to denote differences in paired comparisons. Percentages with differing superscripts within rows are significantly different at p < 0.001.

Data for clitoris and phallus are presented separately for the gender identity analyses.