Table 1.

Bacterial translesion synthesis repair polymerases.

Polymerase	Lesions	Mutations	Other bacteria studied	References
Pol II B-family (E. coli)	G-AAF εC	-2 frameshifts C:G → T:A	Salmonella typhimurium	(Paz-Elizur et al. 1996; Napolitano et al. 2000; Becherel and Fuchs 2001; Al Mamun and Humayun 2006; Koskiniemi and Andersson 2009; Fuchs and Fujii 2013; Goodman and Woodgate 2013)
Pol IV (DinB) Y-family (E. coli)	G-AAF ROS NFZ 4-NQ0 BaP MMS	-1 frameshifts A:T → G:C	S. typhimurium B. subtilis (UvrX, YqjH)C. crescentusMycobacterium smegmatis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas putida	(Kim et al. 2001; Boshoff et al. 2003; Galhardo et al. 2005; Jarosz et al. 2006; Sanders et al. 2006; Bjedov et al. 2007; Koskiniemi and Andersson 2009; Hori et al. 2010; Kana et al. 2010; Williams, Hetrick and Foster 2010; Ippoliti et al. 2012; Sharma and Nair 2012; Fuchs and Fujii 2013; Kath et al. 2014; Ordonez and Shuman 2014; Million-Weaver et al. 2015; Jatsenko et al. 2017; Thrall et al. 2017; Lang and Merrikh 2018; Johnson, Kottur and Nair 2019)
Pol V (UmuDC) Y-family (E. coli)	UV G-AAF ROS	T:A → C:G	S. typhimurium B. subtilis (YqjW)	(Tang et al. 2000; Duigou et al. 2004; Fujii, Gasser and Fuchs 2004; Neeley et al. 2007; Koskiniemi and Andersson 2009; Ippoliti et al. 2012; Fuchs and Fujii 2013)
DnaE2 (ImuC) C-family C. crescentus	UV MMC	G:C → C:G G:C → A:T	M. tuberculosis M. smegmatis B. subtilis P. aeruginosa P. putida Myxococcus xanthus	(Boshoff et al. 2003; Le Chatelier et al. 2004; Galhardo et al. 2005; Warner et al. 2010; Ippoliti et al. 2012; Fuchs and Fujii 2013; Lopes-Kulishev et al. 2015; Jatsenko et al. 2017; Martins-Pinheiro et al. 2017; Peng et al. 2017)

Abbreviations used in the table: N ²-deoxyguanosine-acetylaminofluorene (G-AAF), N⁴-ethenocytosine (εC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrofurazone (NFZ), 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), mitomycin C (MMC).