Table 5.

Rapid nucleic acid extraction methods for plant pathogen detection.

Sample Type	Target Pathogen	Cell Lysis Method	Nucleic Acid Extraction Technique	Nucleic Acid Amplification Method	LOD	Total Sample-To-Answer/Sample Preparation Time		Reference
Rhododendron plant Leaves	Phytophthora Species	Agdia sample extraction bag		RPA using lyophilized RPA reagents	33 pg DNA/reaction	30 min (sample-to-answer)		McCoy et al. (2020)
Rice leaf	Magnaporthe oryzae	Chemical lysis with SDS based buffer	Cellulose-based dipstick captured DNA from lysate	RPA		3 min (sample preparation)		(Y. Zhang et al., 2020a, Zhang et al., 2020b)
Pinewood chips	Bursaphelenchus xylophilus	Quick DAP extraction buffer		RPA using lyophilized TwistAmp RPA kit (TwistDX, UK)	6 pg DNA/reaction	30 min (sample-to-answer)	Cha et al. (2020)
Plant leaves and woods	Xylella fastidiosa, Ceratocystis platani and Phytophthora ramorum	OptiGene Plant Material Lysis Kit		Real-time LAMP	0.02 pg/μL DNA	20 min (sample-to-answer)		Aglietti et al. (2019)
Tomato, eggplant and cucumber (fruit)	Phytophthora nicotianae	Water extraction method		Real-time LAMP	10 fg DNA/reaction	20 min (sample-to-answer)		Hieno et al. (2019)
Tomato leaves	Phytophthora infestans	Microneedle patch-based DNA extraction method		Benchtop real-time PCR	1.2 pg DNA/reaction	Less than 1 min (sample preparation time)		Paul et al. (2019)
Leaf	Grapevine red blotch virus	Pin-prick method using micropipette tip		RT-LAMP		5 min (sample preparation time)		Romero et al. (2019)
Leaf and root	Candidatus Phytoplasma mali	Chemical lysis in nylon mesh bags (BIOREBA, Switzerland)		Real-time RPA using lyophilized TwistAmp RPA kit (TwistDX, UK)	10 gene copies/reaction	30 min (sample-to-answer)		Valasevich and Schneider (2017)
Potato tuber	Clavibacter michiganensis	FTA card-based DNA extraction inside of a micropipette tip		LAMP		2 h (sample-to-answer)		Lu et al. (2016)