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. 2020 Jul 17;10(5):903–915. doi: 10.1007/s13555-020-00425-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Therapeutic algorithm for the treatment of actinic keratoses (AK) and field cancerization. *Also consider prescribing oral Polypodium leucotomus in patients who perform outdoor activities. ^†We recommend prescribing field-directed therapies even in patients with a limited number of AK or no evident field cancerization. ^‡When prescribing photodynamic therapy (PDT; conventional or daylight PDT), consider drug delivery with ablative fractional laser if available. ^§In immunosuppressed patients with a history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, a reduction of immunosuppressive drugs could be proposed (weighing potential risks and benefits). Prescription of oral retinoids, such as acitretin, and nicotinamide could be an alternative therapy in these individuals. 5-FU 5-Fluorouracil