Table 2.
Factors Associated with MDR in bacteria Isolated in the pastoralists community of Kasese district.
| Factors | No (%) | Presence of MDR No (%) |
Absence of MDR No (%) |
COR | AOR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 40 (42) | 39 (97) | 1 (3) | 4.7 | 7.6 | 0.7862–74.2152 | 0.08 |
| Female | 55 (58) | 49 (89) | 6 (11) | ||||
| Education level | |||||||
| No formal education | 19 (20) | 18 (95) | 1 (5) | 0.75 | 0.3038–1.8751 | 0.54 | |
| Primary | 40 (42) | 36 (90) | 4 (10) | ||||
| Secondary | 30 (32) | 30 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Tertiary | 6 (6) | 4 (67) | 2 (33) | ||||
| Heard of AMR | |||||||
| Yes | 23 (24) | 19 (83) | 4 (17) | 4.8 | 5.1 | 0.9390–28.6662 | 0.06 |
| No | 72 (76) | 69 (96) | 3 (4.2) | ||||
| Source of water | |||||||
| Borehole | 29 (31) | 25 (86) | 4 (14) | 1.6 | 1.0150–2.5062 | 0.04 | |
| Protected spring | 3 (3) | 26 (67) | 1 (33) | ||||
| Open well | 1 (1) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Lake shore | 62 (65) | 60 (97) | 2 (3.2) | ||||
| A recent visit to a hospital | |||||||
| 2 weeks ago | 11 (12) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.6 | 0.3491–1.36566 | 0.29 | |
| 1 month ago | 11 (12) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| > 3 months ago | 28 (30) | 24 (86) | 4 (14) | ||||
| > 6 months ago | 30 (32) | 29 (97) | 1 (3) | ||||
| > 1 year ago | 14 (15) | 12 (86) | 2 (14) | ||||
| Health care level visited | |||||||
| HCII | 33 (35) | 33 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.8 | 0.5148–1.3943 | 0.51 | |
| HCIII | 16 (17) | 13 (81) | 3 (19) | ||||
| HCIV | 1 (1) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Hospital | 30 (32) | 26 (87) | 4 (13) | ||||
| Private clinic | 15 (16) | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| History of medical procedure | |||||||
| Yes | 12 (13) | 10 (83) | 2 (17) | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0073–29.7543 | 0.7 |
| No | 83 (87) | 78 (94) | 5 (6) | ||||
| Chronic conditions | |||||||
| Yes | 34 (36) | 32 (94) | 2 (6) | 1.4 | 0.2619–7.7916 | 0.68 | |
| No | 61 (64) | 56 (92) | 5 (8) | ||||
| Over the counter access to antimicrobials | |||||||
| Yes | 41 (43) | 37 (90) | 4 (10) | 0.5 | 0.1148–2.5781 | 0.44 | |
| No | 54 (57) | 51 (94) | 3 (0.1) | ||||
| Internal devices | |||||||
| Yes | 9 (9) | 7 (78) | 2 (22.2) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0020–7.3649 | 0.3 |
| No | 86 (91) | 81 (94) | 5 (5.8) | ||||
| Frequency of antimicrobial use | |||||||
| Rarely | 26 (27) | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.2985–2.2464 | 0.7 |
| Frequently | 60 (63) | 56 (93) | 4 (6.7) | ||||
| Don’t know | 9 (10) | 6 (67) | 3 (33.3) | ||||
| MDR in cattle | |||||||
| Yes | 76 (89) | 74 (970 | 2 (2.6) | 13 | 2.3276–75.0209 | 0.004 | |
| No | 19 (11) | 14 (74) | 5 (26.3) | ||||