. 2019 Aug 28;50(11):1914–1922. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002046

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics

	HC		BIP		SCZ		HC v. BIP		HC v. SCZ		BIP v. SCZ
	N = 622		N = 263		N = 607		χ²/t	p	χ²/t	p	χ²/t	p
Sex (% female)	0.46		0.63		0.39		19.98	0.000	6.92	0.009	42.04	0.000
	Mean	s.d.	Mean	s.d.	Mean	s.d.
Age (years)	30.06	6.91	27.56	6.34	27.04	6.50	−5.12	0.000	−7.96	0.000	−1.10	0.278
Education (years)	14.32	2.25	13.27	2.26	12.17	2.35	−6.00	0.000	−15.85	0.000	−6.10	0.000
Birth weight (grams)^a	3521	538	3556	558	3481	576	1.40	0.162	−1.57	0.117	−2.38	0.018
Gestation age (weeks)	39.91	1.78	39.88	1.93	39.61	2.49	−0.14	0.887	−2.42	0.016	−1.57	0.117
Age at illness onset			19.03	5.99	21.89	6.17					6.28	0.000
Illness duration (years)			8.58	6.45	5.21	5.35					−7.92	0.000
PANSS			45.98	10.06	62.45	16.62					14.71	0.000
General			25.66	5.80	32.04	8.40					11.07	0.000
Negative			10.33	3.64	15.41	6.24					12.15	0.000
Positive			10.06	3.65	14.94	5.16					13.73	0.000
GAF-S			56.86	11.37	42.92	11.89					−15.96	0.000
GAF-F			55.19	12.95	44.58	12.21					−11.47	0.000
Premorbid IQ^b	112.99	1.72	112.22	1.71	110.04	1.75	0.48	0.631	−4.79	0.000	−3.61	0.000
Current full scale IQ^c	113.30	5.16	108.74	4.89	100.79	5.26	−2.19	0.028	−10.33	0.000	−5.32	0.000
IQ difference score^d	0.34	3.64	−3.45	3.39	−8.45	3.72	−2.81	0.005	−9.19	0.000	−4.20	0.000

Adjusted for sex; s.d. (standard deviation); HC (healthy controls); BIP (bipolar spectrum); SCZ (schizophrenia spectrum); PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale); GAF-S (Global Assessment of Functioning- symptoms); GAF-F (Global Assessment of Functioning-functioning). Bold numbers represent significant values.

NART premorbid IQ estimate adjusted for age, education and sex (HC: N = 582, BIP: N = 230 and SCZ: N = 411).

WASI full scale IQ assessment adjusted for age, education and sex (HC: N = 580, BIP: N = 235 and SCZ: N = 428).

IQ difference score (current IQ – premorbid IQ) adjusted for age, education and sex (HC: N = 579, BIP: N = 228 and SCZ: N = 396)