Table 3.
Comparison of adjusted mean (95 % CI) BMI* by time on diet (<1 year to ≥ 1 year) within each diet group
| Overall | Less than 1 year | 1 year or more | P comparing mean BMI by <1 year v. ≥1 year† | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diets* | 8226 | Mean | 95 % CI | n | Mean | 95 % CI | n | Mean | 95 % CI | |
| TTEH | 968 | 27·0 | 26·6, 27·4 | 189 | 28·4 | 27·1, 29·9 | 779 | 26·6 | 25·9, 27·3 | 0·012 |
| WFPB | 2141 | 23·7 | 23·5, 24·0 | 584 | 25·9 | 25·3, 26·5 | 1557 | 23·4 | 23·1, 23·8 | <0·001 |
| Vegan | 1584 | 23·7 | 23·4, 23·9 | 349 | 24·5 | 23·8, 25·2 | 1235 | 23·2 | 22·9, 23·6 | 0·002 |
| Paleo | 1202 | 24·6 | 24·3, 24·9 | 349 | 25·8 | 24·9, 26·6 | 853 | 24·8 | 24·3, 25·3 | 0·06 |
| Vegetarian | 814 | 25·5 | 25·1, 25·9 | 144 | 25·9 | 24·5, 27·3 | 670 | 24·7 | 24·0, 25·4 | 0·10 |
| Whole food | 690 | 25·1 | 24·7, 25·5 | 129 | 26·1 | 24·8, 27·5 | 561 | 24·0 | 23·3, 24·7 | 0·002 |
| WAP | 458 | 23·8 | 23·4, 24·3 | 45 | 24·0 | 22·3, 25·8 | 413 | 23·9 | 22·8, 25·0 | 0·88 |
| Low-carb | 369 | 25·7 | 25·1, 26·2 | 154 | 29·1 | 27·6, 30·7 | 215 | 24·8 | 23·9, 25·8 | <0·001 |
TTEH, try to eat healthy; WFPB, whole food, plant-based; WAP, Weston A. Price.
*
Excludes those with missing or invalid BMI (n 785 due to missing or implausible height or weight data) and (n 8) prefer not to answer responses to time on current diet; BMI means are adjusted for age, sex, US ‘residency’, time on diet and current medication use for the following conditions: high cholesterol, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, cancer and gastrointestinal.
†
Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (eight diet groups) yields a critical value of 0·00625 (0·05/8).