Table 4.
Comparison of adjusted mean (95 % CI) BMI* by diet group stratified by time on diet and compared with TTEH group
| Diet | <1 year | 1–5 years | >5 years | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n | BMI | 95 % CI | P † | n | BMI | 95 % CI | P | n | BMI | 95 % CI | P | |
| TTEH | 968 | 189 | 28·8 | 27·8, 29·9 | – | 338 | 26·4 | 25·9, 26·9 | – | 441 | 26·0 | 25·4, 26·5 | – |
| WFPB | 2141 | 584 | 26·7 | 26·1, 27·3 | <0·0001 | 1173 | 23·2 | 22·9, 23·5 | <0·001 | 384 | 22·4 | 21·9, 22·8 | <0·001 |
| Vegan | 1584 | 349 | 25·7 | 25·1, 27·0 | <0·0001 | 798 | 23·5 | 23·1, 23·8 | <0·001 | 437 | 22·6 | 22·2, 23·1 | <0·001 |
| Paleo | 1202 | 349 | 26·2 | 25·5, 27·0 | <0·0001 | 749 | 24·6 | 24·2, 24·9 | <0·001 | 104 | 23·9 | 23·1, 24·8 | 0·001 |
| Vegetarian | 814 | 144 | 26·9 | 25·9, 28·0 | 0·005 | 286 | 25·0 | 24·5, 25·6 | 0·004 | 384 | 24·5 | 24·0, 25·0 | <0·001 |
| Whole food | 690 | 129 | 27·1 | 26·0, 28·3 | 0·014 | 333 | 24·6 | 24·1, 25·2 | <0·001 | 228 | 24·3 | 23·6, 24·9 | <0·001 |
| WAP | 458 | 45 | 24·0 | 22·4, 25·7 | <0·0001 | 220 | 23·5 | 23·0, 24·1 | <0·001 | 193 | 23·2 | 22·6, 23·9 | <0·001 |
| Low-carb | 369 | 154 | 28·0 | 27·0, 29·1 | 0·220 | 170 | 24·7 | 24·1, 25·4 | 0·002 | 45 | 26·2 | 24·8, 27·6 | >0·99 |
TTEH, try to eat healthy; WFPB, whole food, plant-based; WAP, Weston A. Price.
*
n 8226, excludes those with missing or invalid BMI (n 785 due to missing or implausible height or weight data) and (n 8) prefer not to answer responses to time on current diet; BMI means are adjusted for age, sex, US ‘residency’ and current medication use for the following conditions: high cholesterol, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, cancer and gastrointestinal.
†
P-values are adjusted using Tukey’s Honestly Significant Differences method for multiple comparisons.