Table 1.
Characteristics and quality of Studies Included in the Meta-analysis
| Study | Year | Design | Country | Study period | Sample size | Age,Y | Men (%) | Follow, years |
Adjustments or Match | Quality score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ko et al. 57 | 2019 | CC | USA | 2004-2013 | 133,279 (40,875/92,404) | 70-85 | 44.6 | 5 | 1-4,10,15 | NOS: 7 |
| Lee et al. 35 | 2019 | RC | USA | 1998-2016 | 1,251,318 (991,945/259,373) | 50-75 | 49 | 8 | 1-3,7,10 | NOS: 8 |
| Doubeni et al. 27 | 2018 | NCC | USA | 2006-2012 | 5207 (1747/3460) | 55-89 | 49.4 | 10 | 1, 2, 13, 15 | NOS: 7 |
| Niikura et al. 36 | 2017 | RC | Asia | 2001-2015 | 85,980 (18,816/67,119) | >20 | 68.51 | 6 | 1, 2 | NOS: 8 |
| Wang et al. 37 | 2016 | RC | USA | 1998-2005 | 30,138 (5701/24,437) | 76-85 | 65 | 4 | 1, 2, 4, 12, 14, 15 | NOS: 7 |
| Stock et al. 38 | 2016 | PC | North America | 1992-2009 | 1,509,423 (177,465/1,331,958) | 60-80 | 46.06 | 8 | 1, 2, 9, 10 | NOS: 7 |
| Ananthakrishnan et al. 39 |
2015 | RC | USA | NR | 6823 (2764/4059) | screened 47 (32-61) | 45.5 | 3 | 1-3 | NOS: 7 |
| Never screened 49 (35-63) | ||||||||||
| Kahi et al. 40 | 2014 | CC | USA | 1997-2007 | 2,492 (623/1,869) | 81.22±3.89 | 98.7 | 5.19 | 1-3 | NOS: 7 |
| Morois et al. 41 | 2014 | PC | Europe | 1990-2008 | 92,048 (37,459/54,589) | screened: 49.9±6.6; | NR | 15.4 | 1,6-8,17 | NOS: 7 |
| control: 48.8±6.6 | ||||||||||
| Brenner et al. 42 | 2014 | CC | Europe | 1993-2010 | 4,800 (2,516/2,284) | 70 | 59 | 10 | 1,2,6-8,15,17 | NOS: 7 |
| Doubeni et al. 43 | 2013 | CC | USA | 2006-2008 | 980 (471/509) | 55-85 | 51.4 | 5 | 1,2,5,8,9 | NOS: 7 |
| Wang et al. 44 | 2013 | RC | USA | 1998-2005 | 53,676 (12,266/41,410) | screened: 73.1±3.8; | 39.3 | 5 | 1-4,15,17 | NOS: 7 |
| control: 73.3±4.0 | ||||||||||
| Nishihara et al. 8 | 2013 | PC | USA | 1988-2012 | 88,902 (NA/NA) | Men: 42-77; Women: 32-57 | 35.7 | NR | 1,2,6-9 | NOS: 7 |
| Eldridge et al. 45 | 2013 | PC | USA | 1995-2008 | 68,531 (22,780/45,751) | 50-71 | 62 | 11 | 1-3,5,8,17 | NOS: 7 |
| Manser et al. 46 | 2012 | PC | Europe | 2000-2007 | 22,686 (1912/20,774) | 50-80 | 57.8 | 6 | 1, 2, 5-8, 16 | NOS: 7 |
| Jacob et al. 47 | 2012 | RC | North America | 1996-2007 | 1,089,998 (86,837/1,003,161) | 50-74 | 45.1 | 7 | 1,2,4 | NOS: 6 |
| Baxter et al. 25 | 2012 | CC | USA | 1991-2007 | 37,099 (9,458/27,641) | screened: 79.9 (70.0-89.9) | 42.6 | 9.4 | 1-4,15-17 | NOS: 7 |
| control: 79.8 (69.1-90.8) | ||||||||||
| Schoen et al. 10 | 2012 | CC | USA | 1993-2001 | 154,890 (77,445/77.445) | 55-74 | 49.5 | 3 | 1-3 | NOS: 7 |
| Mulder et al. 48 | 2010 | CC | Europe | 1996-2005 | 8384 (594/7790) | 69.5±11.9/69.3±11.9 | 51.7 | 9 | 1, 2, 11 | NOS: 6 |
| Kahi et al. 11 | 2009 | RC | USA | 1989-2007 | 733 (NA/NA) | 61±6.5 | 59 | 2 | 1,2 | NOS: 7 |
| Blom et al. 49 | 2008 | PC | Europe | 1996-2004 | 1,986 (NA/NA) | 59-61 | NR | 2 | 1,2 | NOS: 7 |
| Cotterchio et al. 50 | 2005 | CC | North America | 1997-2000 | 2,915 (971/1,944) | 20-74 | 52 | 2 | 1,2,5-9,15,17 | NOS: 7 |
| Newcomb et al. 51 | 2003 | CC | USA | 1998-2002 | 2,962 (1,668/1,294) | 20-74 | NR | 5 | 1,2,6-8,17 | NOS: 7 |
| Slattery et al. 52 | 2000 | CC | USA | NR | 2,893 (1,349/1,544) | 30-67 | NR | 5 | 1,2,5,7,8 | NOS: 8 |
| Scheitel et al. 53 | 1999 | CC | USA | 1970-1993 | 653 (218/435) | 45-97 | 42.2 | 10 | 1,2,5,8 | NOS: 7 |
| Müller et al. 24 | 1995 | CC | USA | 1978-1992 | 20,889 (4,358/16,531) | Cases (CC): 69.1 | 97.7 | 8.3 | 1-3,8 | NOS: 7 |
| Cases (RC): 68.3 | ||||||||||
| Control: 57.0 | ||||||||||
| Müller et al. 54 | 1995 | CC | USA | 1981-1993 | 32,702 (16,351/16,351) | Cases (CC): 67.2±9.3 | 97.8 | 7 | 1-3 | NOS: 7 |
| Cases (RC): 66.2±9.4 | ||||||||||
| Control: 57.0 | ||||||||||
| Selby et al. 55 | 1992 | CC | USA | 1971-1987 | 1129 (261/868) | 40-50 | 59.4 | 10 | 1,2,8 | NOS: 6 |
| Newcomb et al. 56 | 1992 | CC | USA | 1979-1988 | 262 (66/196) | 50-80 | NR | 5 | 1,2,5,8 | NOS: 7 |
Adjusted factors: 1, age; 2, sex; 3, race; 4, income; 5, lifestyle; 6, smoking; 7, body mass index; 8, family history; 9, socioeconomic status; 10, comorbidity; 11, index date; 12, college;13, enrolment duration; 14, Nonwhite; 15, resident city; 16, profession; 17, level of educational.
Abbreviations: CC, Case-control; NCC, nested case-control; NR, not reported; PC, prospective cochort; RC, retrospective cohort.