Table 3. Side effects.
| Variables
n (%) |
Placebo-Placebo
n = 21 |
Nefopam-Placebo
n = 22 |
Placebo-Nefopam
n = 22 |
Nefopam-Nefopam
n = 21 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sedation | |||||
| 0 – 8 hr | 0 | 3 (13.6) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (14.3) | 0.503 |
| 8 – 16 hr | 0 | 1 (4.5) | 1 (4.5) | 0 | 0.868 |
| 16 – 24 hr | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| Nausea and vomiting | |||||
| 0 – 8 hr | 0 | 1 (4.5) | 8 (36.4) | 9 (42.9) | 0.249 |
| 8 – 16 hr | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.5) | 3 (13.6) | 0 | 0.507 |
| 16 – 24 hr | 0 | 1 (4.5) | 2 (9.1) | 1 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| Sweating | |||||
| 0 – 8 hr | 0 | 1 (4.5) | 2 (9.1) | 1 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| 8 – 16 hr | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.5) | 2 (9.1) | 0 | 0.801 |
| 16 – 24 hr | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 2 (9.1) | 0 | 0.142 |
| Arrhythmia – Period A | 1 (4.8) | 2 (9.6) | 5 (23) | 0 | 0.801 |
| Arrhythmia – Period B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
Period A: before surgical incision; Period B: before the end of surgery.