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. 2020 Aug 26;12(8):841–856. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.841

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©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Tobacco heating systems has a lower impact on bone cells function than conventional cigarettes. SCP-1 cells and primary human osteoblasts were osteogenically differentiated with increasing concentrations of aqueous extract (AE) from conventional cigarettes and tobacco heating systems (THS) for 21 d. Cell function was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity (early differentiation marker) (A, C) after 14 d. Calcium deposition (late marker of differentiation) was evaluated by Alizarin red staining (B, D) after 21 d (B, D). Each measurement was conducted at least three independent times in triplicates. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test. Data are represented as mean ± SE, and P values are classified as ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001 for comparisons with untreated cells within the same AE type and ^fP < 0.01, ^gP < 0.001 for comparisons conventional cigarette with THS within the same concentration. AE: Aqueous extract.