. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Healthc Qual. 2020 May-Jun;42(3):136–147. doi: 10.1097/JHQ.0000000000000214

Table 2.

Model for Predicting Infection-Related Hospitalization/Emergency Treatment Within the First 60 Days of HHC Admission (n = 78,951)

Parameter	Stepwise model
Parameter	Odds ratio	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI
Demographics
Race/Ethnicity (ref: nonwhite)
non-Hispanic White	1.19^b	1.05	1.34
Payer (ref: all non-Medicare FFS)
Medicare FFS	1.45^c	1.28	1.63
History and diagnoses
Diagnoses
Acute myocardial infarction	1.25^b	1.08	1.45
Peripheral vascular disease	1.68^c	1.35	2.09
Skin ulcer	1.60^c	1.28	2.01
Arthritis	0.68^c	0.57	0.82
No inpatient stay 14 days before HHC	0.74^c	0.64	0.87
Current condition
Parenteral nutrition treatment	2.50^a	1.13	5.52
Risk of hospitalization
Multiple hospitalization in past 12 months	1.37^c	1.22	1.55
Frailty (report weight loss or self-reported exhaustion)	1.15^a	1.02	1.29
Risk factors (alcohol dependency)	1.54^a	1.07	2.21
Living condition (living with others)	1.16^a	1.03	1.31
Integumentary status
Having at least one unhealed pressure ulcer at Stage II (ref: none)	0.71^a	0.51	0.98
Stage of most problematic unhealed (observable) pressure ulcer (ref: none)
Stage I	0.81	0.53	1.25
Stage II	0.70^a	0.51	0.97
Stage III	1.02	0.70	1.48
Stage IV	1.58^a	1.06	2.35
Unstageable	1.55^a	1.04	2.32
Status of most problematic (observable) stasis ulcer (ref: none/newly epith/fully/early)
Not healing	1.46^a	1.07	2.01
Status of most problematic (observable) surgical wound (ref: none)
Newly epithelialized	0.78^a	0.61	0.99
Fully/Early granulating	1.23	0.90	1.69
Not healing	1.30^b	1.10	1.54
Not observable	0.88	0.63	1.24
Skin lesion or open wound (yes/no)	1.21^b	1.05	1.38
Respiratory treatments at home (ref: none)	1.36^b	1.12	1.65
Elimination status
UTI treatment in the past 14 days	1.30^b	1.07	1.57
When urinary incontinence occurred (ref: none/timed voiding/occasional stress incontinence)
Day and night	1.21^a	1.04	1.42
Night or day only	1.05	0.66	1.67
Urinary catheter	2.02^c	1.61	2.53
Neuro/emotional/behavioral status
Memory deficit	1.29^a	1.06	1.57
ADL/IADLs
Ambulation/locomotion (ref: totally independent)
Need one-handed device	1.07	0.77	1.49
Need two-handed device	1.26	0.93	1.72
Need assistance	1.38^a	1.00	1.91
Chairfast, able to wheel self	1.82^b	1.22	2.71
Chairfast, unable to wheel self	1.71^b	1.16	2.51
Bed rest	2.10^c	1.36	3.25
Previous functioning—transfer (ref: independent)
Need some help	1.25^b	1.09	1.43
Dependent	1.32^a	1.04	1.67
Injectable medications and injectable medication management
Previous medication management (ref: independent)
Need some help	0.71^a	0.54	0.93
Dependent	0.68^b	0.52	0.89
Not applicable	0.58^c	0.48	0.69
Care management
Medical procedures/treatments (e.g., changing wound dressing) (ref: no assistance is needed)
Caregiver provide assistance	1.46^c	1.24	1.72
Caregiver needs training	1.75^c	1.44	2.14
Caregiver unlikely/unclear/no caregiver	2.16^c	1.80	2.60
Medication regimen
Bronchodilators	1.31^c	1.13	1.52
Penicillins	1.48^c	1.18	1.86
Antibacterials for Urinary Tract Infection	1.42^b	1.11	1.82
Glucocorticoids	1.22^a	1.02	1.44
Lipotropics	0.81^c	0.72	0.91
Fungicides	1.28^a	1.01	1.62
Vital signs
Pulse	1.01^b	1.00	1.02
High temperature (>100.4)	1.92^a	1.07	3.47
AUC	0.75

<0.5.

<0.01.

<0.001.

ADL = Activities of Daily Living; AUC = area underneath the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI = confidence interval; FFS = fee-for-service; HHC = home healthcare; IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; UTI = urinary tract infection.