Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Aug 27;17:E94. doi: 10.5888/pcd17.200098

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Preventing Chronic Disease is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Arrows depict possible effects of input variables on outcome variables. Demographic confounders can directly affect confounding variables from childhood, confounding variables from adolescence, educational aspirations and expectations in adolescence, educational attainment, mediating variables from adulthood, and indirectly affect depression. Similarly, childhood confounders can affect all other categories of variables, adolescence confounders can affect all education and adulthood variables, the education variables can affect adulthood mediators and depression, and the adulthood mediators can affect depression. — Theoretical framework consisting of hypothesized relationships between educational attainment, educational aspirations and expectations, depression in adulthood, and potential confounding and mediating variables.