Table 1.

Regulatory role of some miRNAs in cardiovascular functions and diseases

Biological condition and clinical effects	miRNAs	Function	Reference
Development of heart	miR-1	Promotion of cardiomyocyte differentiation	[31,32]
	miR133 family	Inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation	[33,34]
	miR-17-92	Differentiation of cardiac progenitor cell Cardiomyocytes proliferation in embryonic and adult hearts Regulation of Bmp signaling	[40, 41, 42,43]
	miR-208 miR-499	Proliferation of cardiac muscle cells Control the myosin heavy chain	[45]
	miR-20a	Suppression of differentiation and proliferation Increase apoptosis	[40, 42]
	miR-15 family	Cardiomyocyte proliferation Embryonic cardiomyocyte mitotic arrest	[45]
Rheumatic heart disease	miR-1183 miR-1299	Up-regulation in RHD	[65]
	miR-4423-3p miR-218-1-3p miR-101	Down-regulation in RHD	[66, 67]
Congenital heart diseases	miR-1-1	Decreased in VSD patients	[50]
	miR-155-5p miR-222-3p miR-433 miR-487b	Down-regulation in RHD	[51]
	miR-181c miR-498	Elevated expression in RHD	[50,51]
	miR-1	Proliferation of ventricular cardiomyocytes	[33]
	miR-421	Up-regulation in in right ventricle of infants with tetralogy of Fallot	[53]
	miR-196a	Atrioventricular septal defects and cardiac valve dysfunction	[47]
	miR-133a-1/ miR-1-2 miR-133a-2/miR-1-1	Involved in formation of ventricular myocardium and interventricular septum	[54, 55]