Table 3.
Effect of diclofenac sodium and/or L-carnitine on serum levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in mono-iodoacetate induced knee osteoarthritis rat model
|
Group
Parameters |
C | OA | OA/Dic | OA/LC | OA/Dic+LC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDA (nmol/ml) | 3.04±0.25 | 3.97±0.19**a | 3.48±0.23*b | 3.39±0.13*b | 3.08±0.18**b*c |
| GSH (mmol/l) | 0.30±0.06 | 0.07±0.01**a | 0.14±0.04*d | 0.26±0.07**b*c | 0.29±0.05**b*c |
| IL1-β (pg/ml) | 41.90±3.36 | 80.40±2.79**a | 54.80±5.94**b | 61.20±8.07**b | 45.40±2.60**b*c **d |
| TNF-α(ng/ml) | 16.26±1.74 | 37.74±3.74**a | 25.50±2.70**a**b | 29.52±2.40**a**b | 17.92±1.60**b**c**d |
| PGE2 (pg/ml) | 386.60±18.18 | 621.80±40.56**a | 523.20±22.29*b | 546.00±51.84*b | 461.60±14.29**b*c *d |
| BALP (ng/ml) | 28.74±3.22 | 39.50±1.96**a | 34.28±1.23*b*d | 29.00±2.12**b*c | 29.34±1.71**b*c |
Values are presented as mean±SD (n=10). * P<0.05, ** P<0.001
a: significant vs C, b: significant vs OA, c: significant vs OA/Dic, d: significant vs OA/LC
MDA: malondialdehyde, GSH: reduced glutathione, IL-1β: interleukin-1 beta, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha, PGE2: prostaglandin-E2, BALP: bone specific alkaline phosphatase, C: Control, OA: Osteoarthritis, OA/Dic: Osteoarthritis/Diclofenac sodium treated, OA/LC: Osteoarthritis/L-carnitine treated, OA/Dic+LC: Osteoarthritis/Diclofenac sodium+L-carnitine treated