Table 10.

Association Between Changes in Clinical Staffing Expenditures and Changes in Staffing Scores: Fixed Effects Regressions (Sensitivity Analysis—Alternative Exclusion Criteria for Outliers).

	All	Not-for-profit	For-profit	Low Medicaid	High Medicaid	High quality	Low quality
Post	0.54*** (0.14)	1.10*** (0.35)	0.32** (0.15)	1.28*** (0.21)	−0.13 (0.19)	0.51* (0.26)	0.34 (0.21)
Adjusted RN	6.55*** (0.54)	6.75*** (1.33)	6.77*** (0.61)	6.44*** (0.80)	6.80*** (0.71)	7.19*** (0.96)	6.55*** (0.85)
Adjusted LPN	1.51*** (0.19)	2.31*** (0.53)	1.33*** (0.20)	1.51*** (0.28)	1.46*** (0.25)	1.83*** (0.40)	1.55*** (0.26)
Adjusted nurse aide	1.25*** (0.15)	1.82*** (0.39)	1.12*** (0.16)	1.29*** (0.21)	1.16*** (0.21)	1.12*** (0.28)	1.16*** (0.22)
Post × Adjusted RN	−1.29** (0.53)	−0.33 (1.20)	−2.11*** (0.62)	−1.32* (0.77)	−1.91*** (0.72)	−1.58* (0.90)	−1.51* (0.91)
Post × Adjusted LPN	−0.98*** (0.20)	−1.27** (0.51)	−0.89*** (0.22)	−1.47*** (0.30)	−0.49* (0.28)	−1.01*** (0.37)	−0.82*** (0.31)
Post × Adjusted nurse aide	0.20 (0.13)	0.024 (0.32)	−0.025 (0.15)	0.34* (0.19)	0.016 (0.18)	0.43* (0.22)	0.13 (0.20)
Observations	38,563	7,857	27,973	18,718	19,845	11,877	18,201

Note. RN = registered nurse; LPN = licensed practical nurse. Facilities that have staffing scores and expenditures below 1st and above 99th percentiles are excluded from the sample. Results are obtained using facility and time fixed effects controlling for other covariates. Standard errors in parentheses are clustered at the facility level.

^*p < .1.

^**p < .05.

^***p < .01.