Table 2. Articles published demonstrating association of coffee/caffeine consumption with cognitive impairment.
CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; OR, odds ratio; HR, hazard ratio.
| Authors (reference) | Year of publication range | Type of study | Number of participants | Parameter used with 95% CI | Association found (yes/no) |
| Dong X et al. [30] | 2011-2014 | Meta-analysis | 2,513 | OR: 0.56 (0.35-0.89) | Yes |
| Wu L et al. [31] | Inception-2016 | Meta-analysis | 34,282 | RR: 0.82 (0.71-0.94) | Yes |
| Santos C et al. [32] | 1989-2009 | Systematic review/meta-analysis | - | RR: 0.84 (0.72-0.99) | Yes |
| KIm YS et al. [33] | Inception-2014 | Meta-analysis | 31,479 | OR/RR: 0.83 (0.70-0.98) | No |
| Solfrizzi V et al. [39] | - | Longitudinal study | 1,445 | HR: 0.26 (0.03-2.11) | no |