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. 2020 Jul 27;217(9):e20191699. doi: 10.1084/jem.20191699

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© 2020 Angeletti et al.

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Figure 5. — FSGS in humans is associated with DAF down-regulation and complement activation. (A–D) C3 (A), C3aR (B), C5aR (C), and DAF mRNA (D) expression in glomeruli of human biopsy specimens with pathological diagnosis of FSGS or diabetic kidney disease compared with normal kidneys. Data are from previously published microarray studies by Ju et al. (2013) and were subjected to further analysis using Nephroseq. (E–H) Representative renal staining and data quantification for C3d (IF; E and F) and DAF (immunohistochemistry; G and H) in patients with FSGS (n = 18) and in kidneys from healthy renal donors (n = 10). (I) Correlation between protein and C3a in urine samples from 27 patients with FSGS taken at the time of kidney biopsy (before therapy). (J and K) Differences in proteinuria (J) and urinary C3a (K) measured before versus 3–6 mo after steroid therapy in a subset of 13 patients with FSGS. (L) Correlation between the change in proteinuria and change in urinary C3a before and after therapy for each of the same 13 patients. (M) Representative blot of DAF in the urine from healthy control individuals and patients with FSGS compared with recombinant human DAF (rDAF). In each group, we pooled and concentrated urine samples from five and five subjects, respectively (see Materials and methods). *P ≤ 0.05. Scale bars: 25 μm. Error bars are SEM.